Shell Manual

• Author: Fu Yin

• Update: Dec 15, 2022

• Reading: 10 min

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ln

# Print all links
ls -al

# Create a link, file2 is the link of file1.
ln -s file1 file2

scp

scp

rsync

rsync

conda/mamba

# check all packages
conda list

# install package
conda install -c conda-forge xxx

# create new env
conda create -n envname python=3.9 numpy pandas

# activate env
conda activate pygmt

# deactivate env
conda deactivate

# env list
conda env list

# remove a env
conda env remove -n yourEnv

ssh/sshfs

# ssh -p port -X user@hostname
ssh -p 22 -X fy21@nots.rice.edu
ssh nots

# sshfs NOTS HPC in Rice
sshfs -o follow_symlinks fy21@nots.rice.edu:/ /Users/yinfu/share1/

# set alias before in '~/.zshrc'
alias sshfs-nots='sshfs -o follow_symlinks -p 22 fy21@nots.rice.edu:/ /Users/yinfu/share1/'
alias resshfs-nots='diskutil umountDisk /Users/yinfu/share1; sshfs-nots'
sshfs-nots 
resshfs-nots

mount/umount

Use diskutil on MacOS, mount/umount on Linux. Disk softwares on Mac, such as Disk Utility, Tuxera…

# List the partitions of a disk
diskutil list

# mount a single volume
diskutil mount [IDENTIFIER]
diskutil mountDisk disk2s1

# mount an entire disk
diskutil mountDisk [IDENTIFIER]/[PATH]
diskutil mountDisk disk2s1
diskutil mountDisk /dev/disk2

# umount a single volume
diskutil umount [IDENTIFIER]
diskutil umount disk2s1

# umount an entire disk
diskutil umountDisk [IDENTIFIER]/[PATH]
diskutil umountDisk disk2s1
diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk2

# umount sshfs
diskutil umountDisk [PATH]
diskutil umountDisk /Users/yinfu/share1

Fig. 8 My diskutil list

df

df full name is disk free.

# The space size of each currently mounted directory
df -h

# -ll: display bytes || -lh: display KB/MB/G/T...
ls -ll
ls -lh

# Display total file size in current directory
du -sh

# View the size of each file and folder in the current directory
du -h --max-depth=1
du -h --max-depth=1*

cat

cat

wc

wc full name is word count

# Find the lines, words, bytes, filenames of the file
wc file

# Find the lines of the file
cat file | wc -l

head/tail

head

tail

top

top

#quit
q

kill

ps -ef | grep yinfu | awk '{ print $2 }' | xargs kill -9

nohup

# start
nohup command > command.log 2>&1& echo $! > command.pid

# kill
kill `cat command.pid`